Fig. 2

Predicted probabilities of sociodemographic characteristics, conditional on latent class membership. A five-class latent class model was developed, with salient differences in composition by age, race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, housing status, and substance use. The size of graph corresponds to each class’s share of the Safe Point clientele population, with class 2 being the largest (33%), followed by class 4 (21%), class 5 (18%), class 1 (16%), and class 3 (12%). Class 1 consists of heterosexual males with housing instability and limited resources for treatment and/or support that use opioids in combination with stimulants (methamphetamine and/or cocaine). Class 2 consists of heterosexual individuals with stable housing and resources for treatment and/or support that use opioids. Class 3 consists of individuals using methamphetamine, with the most diversity in terms of race/ethnicity and sexual orientation. Class 4 consists of young (< 45 years) white individuals using opioids in combination with methamphetamine. Class 5 consists of females using opioids in combination with cocaine