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Table 5 Frequency (n) and Predicted Probability with 95% CI of Specific Routes of Administration by Compound/Formulation

From: Abuse risks and routes of administration of different prescription opioid compounds and formulations

 

Immediate release

Extended-release/long-acting1

Generic name

Number

Predicted Probability

95% CI

Number

Predicted Probability

95% CI

Hydrocodone

4,136

-

-

-

-

-

   Intended ROA

3,668

0.896

0.887,0.905

-

-

-

   Injection

49

0.010

0.007,0.013

-

-

-

   Inhalation

795

0.171

0.160,0.183

-

-

-

   Chew

759

0.163

0.152,0.175

-

-

-

   Other

240

0.048

0.042,0.055

-

-

-

Oxycodone

3,279

-

-

3,271

--

--

   Intended ROA

2,671

0.824

0.810,0.837

2,034

0.621

0.603,0.639

   Injection

208

0.052

0.045,0.059

803

0.221

0.207,0.236

   Inhalation

932

0.260

0.245,0.276

1,502

0.444

0.426,0.463

   Chew

650

0.175

0.162,0.188

605

0.162

0.150,0.175

   Other

242

0.063

0.056,0.072

346

0.089

0.080,0.099

Fentanyl

39

-

-

383

-

-

   Intended ROA

5

0.081

0.032,0.090

33

0.060

0.043,0.085

   Injection

4

0.062

0.022,0.163

85

0.171

0.138,0.210

   Inhalation

7

0.120

0.054,0.244

6

0.010

0.004,0.023

   Chew

7

0.119

0.054,0.243

39

0.072

0.052,0.098

   Other

27

0.630

0.453,0.778

270

0.676

0.623,0.725

Hydromorphone

626

-

-

-

-

-

   Intended ROA

208

0.295

0.259,0.333

-

-

-

   Injection

361

0.554

0.512,0.595

-

-

-

   Inhalation

153

0.208

0.178,0.242

-

-

-

   Chew

49

0.061

0.046,0.080

-

-

-

   Other

51

0.064

0.048,0.084

-

-

-

Methadone

-

-

-

2,426

-

-

   Intended ROA

-

-

-

2,009

0.836

0.820,0.850

   Injection

-

-

-

179

0.060

0.052,0.070

   Inhalation

-

-

-

366

0.129

0.116,0.143

   Chew

-

-

-

351

0.123

0.111,0.137

   Other

-

-

-

350

0.123

0.111,0.136

Morphine

408

-

--

792

-

-

   Intended ROA

146

0.332

0.286,0.381

336

0.389

0.354,0.425

   Injection

232

0.558

0.506,0.608

382

0.451

0.415,0.488

   Inhalation

81

0.173

0.140,0.213

222

0.242

0.213,0.274

   Chew

45

0.092

0.069,0.123

89

0.089

0.072,0.109

   Other

33

0.066

0.047,0.093

38

0.036

0.026,0.050

Oxymorphone

30

-

--

149

-

-

   Intended ROA

14

0.388

0.226,0.578

47

0.249

0.187,0.324

   Injection

6

0.129

0.054,0.280

12

0.055

0.031,0.096

   Inhalation

18

0.535

0.344,0.716

114

0.738

0.654,0.807

   Chew

4

0.081

0.028,0.212

23

0.109

0.072,0.163

   Other

4

0.089

0.031,0.224

4

0.120

0.008,0.049

  1. 1Intended routes of administration: Fentanyl ER, patch; Fentanyl IR, sublingual; all others, swallowed whole. Methadone is the only long-acting opioid; all other opioids are extended-release.
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Harm Reduction Journal

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