Table 3 Associations between membership and psychosocial, knowledge, and criminal justice variables ^a

Quality of Life (QOL)^b

Overall self-rated QOL

2.8 (0.7)

2.5 (0.7)

<0.001

Overall self-rated health

3.0 (0.8)

2.6 (0.8)

<0.001

QOL physical

3.1 (0.5)

3.0 (0.4)

0.007

QOL psychological

3.2 (0.5)

2.8 (0.6)

<0.001

2.04

1.07-3.93

0.032

QOL social

3.1 (0.6)

2.8 (0.7)

<0.001

QOL environmental

2.8 (0.6)

2.4 (0.5)

<0.001

2.54

1.31-4.93

0.006

Self Efficacy/Social Outcome Expectancy^c

Self-efficacy to get healthcare

2.7 (0.9)

2.1 (1.0)

<0.001

1.59

1.24-2.04

<0.001

Social Outcome Expectancy (family)

2.5 (1.2)

2.1 (1.1)

0.002

Social Outcome Expectancy (friends)

2.6 (1.1)

2.2 (1.0)

<0.001

Knowledge^d

HIV knowledge

57.6 (25.2)

56.2 (24.7)

0.607

Hepatitis knowledge

57.9 (24.4)

54.2 (23.6)

0.145

Overdose knowledge

37.6 (16.7)

33.2 (14.6)

0.007

Drug Use, past 30 days

Opioid Use

82 (44.1)

105 (57.1)

0.013

Injection of Drugs

51 (27.1)

63 (34.2)

0.044

Policing/Incarceration

Ever Had Interactions with Police about Drugs^e

147 (81.2)

123 (66.9)

0.002

3.15

1.79-5.52

<0.001

Ever in a Government Centre^e

118 (65.2)

94 (52.8)

0.017

No. Times in Government Centre (if ever)

1.4 (0.8)

1.5 (0.9)

0.912

Ever sent to prison^e

76 (41.8)

60 (32.6)

0.070

Prison was about drug use (if ever in prison)^e

61 (84.7)

46 (76.7)

0.239