Table 1 Description of the sample: socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics at baseline
No cocaine use (n = 132) | Occasional cocaine use (n = 26) | Regular cocaine use (n = 19) | Total (n = 177) | p valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, n (%) | |||||
Male | 110 (83.33) | 23 (88.46) | 15 (78.95) | 148 (83.62) | 0.70 |
Female | 22 (16.67) | 3 (17.54) | 4 (21.05) | 29 (16.38) | |
Methadone induction arm | |||||
Specialized centers | 31 (23.5) | 7 (26.9) | 4 (21.1) | 42 (23.7) | 0.89 |
Primary care | 101 (76.5) | 19 (73.1) | 15 (78.9) | 135 (76.3) | |
Ageb, median (IQR) | 32 (27–38) | 30 (27–37) | 32 (27–40) | 32 (27–38) | 0.77 |
Employed, n (%) | |||||
No | 55 (44.35) | 15 (57.69) | 13 (68.42) | 83 (49.11) | 0.09 |
Yes | 69 (55.65) | 11 (42.31) | 6 (31.58) | 86 (50.89) | |
Home owner or renter, n (%) | |||||
No | 43 (34.68) | 10 (38.46) | 11 (57.89) | 64 (37.87) | 0.15 |
Yes | 81 (65.32) | 16 (61.54) | 8 (42.11) | 105 (62.13) | |
Depressive symptoms, n (%)c | |||||
No | 80 (66.67) | 12 (46.15) | 8 (42.11) | 100 (60.61) | 0.03 |
Yes | 40 (33.33) | 14 (53.85) | 11 (57.89) | 65 (39.39) | |
Risk of suicide, n (%)d | |||||
No | 79 (73.15) | 16 (69.57) | 8 (44.44) | 103 (69.13) | 0.05 |
Yes | 29 (26.85) | 7 (30.43) | 10 (55.56) | 46 (30.87) | |
ADHD symptoms, n (%) | |||||
No | 76 (70.37) | 17 (73.91) | 8 (44.44) | 101 (67.79) | 0.07 |
Yes | 32 (29.63) | 6 (26.09) | 10 (55.56) | 48 (32.21) | |
Previous drug overdose, n (%) | |||||
No | 117 (88.64) | 22 (84.62) | 16 (84.21) | 155 (87.57) | 0.64 |
Yes | 15 (11.36) | 4 (15.38) | 3 (15.79) | 22 (12.43) | |
History of drug injection, n (%) | |||||
No | 66 (53.66) | 12 (46.15) | 5 (26.32) | 83 (49.40) | 0.08 |
Yes | 57 (46.34) | 14 (53.85) | 14 (73.68) | 85 (50.60) | |
Age at first drug use, median (IQR)b | 18 (17–22) | 18 (16–21) | 18 (17–19) | 18 (17–21) | 0.23 |
At least one withdrawal symptom, n (%) | |||||
No | 49 (42.24) | 6 (25.00) | 5 (26.32) | 60 (37.74) | 0.16 |
Yes | 67 (57.76) | 18 (75.00) | 14 (73.68) | 99 (62.26) | |
Methadone dose >60 mg, n (%) | |||||
No | 110 (99.10) | 20 (100.00) | 17 (94.44) | 147 (98.66) | 0.25 |
Yes | 1 (0.90) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 2 (1.34) | |
Alcohol dependence, n (%)a,e | |||||
No | 108 (88.52) | 21 (84.00) | 14 (73.68) | 143 (86.14) | 0.21 |
Yes | 14 (11.48) | 4 (16.00) | 5 (26.32) | 23 (13.86) | |