Indicators | Hanoi | HCMC | Thai Nguyen | p value between cities in 2013 samples | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2012 n = 300 | 2013 n = 400 | p value | 2012 n = 300 | 2013 n = 400 | p value | 2013 n = 280 | ||
Awareness of LDSS (ever seen or heard about LDSS) | 16.5 | 43.2 | 0.000 | 96.8 | 99 | .008 | 60.7 | 0.000 |
Awareness about LDSS benefits: | ||||||||
Aware that using LDSS may reduce the risks of HIV and HCV infection | NA | 12.0 | NA | 31.4 | 62.2 | 0.000 | ||
Aware that LDSS can minimize risk of drug lose | 14.6 | 94.4 | 56.6 | 0.000 | ||||
Aware that LDSS can reduce pain | 12.0 | 96.4 | 57.5 | 0.000 | ||||
Aware that LDSS can reduce scarring | 11.7 | 95.7 | 58.0 | 0.000 | ||||
Use of LDSS: | ||||||||
Ever used LDSS | 0.3 | 5.8 | 0.000 | 100 | 100 | 1 | 57.9 | 0.000 |
Used LDSS in the last 1 month | 0.1 | 4.3 | 0.000 | 93.0 | 98.7 | 0.001 | 33.8 | 0.000 |
Consistently use in the last 1 month | 0.1 | 2.3 | 0.021 | 88.0 | 93.2 | 0.023 | 8.1 | 0.000 |
Reasons for not using LDSS in the last 1 month among those who did not use LDSS | n = 299 | n = 384 | n = 28 | n = 6 | n = 113 | |||
Unaware of LDSS | 83.5 | 45.6 | 0.000 | 0 | 0 | 34.4 | 0.000 | |
Unaware of outlets selling LDSS | 16.3 | 4.1 | 0.000 | 0 | 0 | 64.1 | 0.000 | |
No outlet selling LDSS close to injecting sites | 6.8 | 2.0 | 0.001 | 58.3 | 33.3 | 0.265 | 11.2 | 0.000 |
LDSS is too expensive | 1.2 | 0 | 0.031 | 16.7 | 16.6 | 0.7 | 0.000 | |
LDSS size is not big enough | 4.9 | 3.6 | 0.399 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 11.4 | 0.000 |
It is difficult to share drug with LDSS | 2.8 | 2.7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5.1 | 0.015 | |
It is difficult to find LDSS at night | 1.7 | 0 | 0.010 | 31.4 | 16.6 | 0.459 | 0 | |
Needle-sharing behavior | ||||||||
Sharing needle in the last 12 months | 11.3 | 3.5 | 0.000 | 19.1 | 12.9 | 0.030 | 7.8 | 0.000 |
Sharing needle in the last 1 month | 5.1 | 2.3 | 0.028 | 14.8 | 8.2 | 0.003 | 5.5 | 0.001 |