Table 3 Variables associated with needle and syringe program (NSP) use at enrollment among male IDUs in Kabul, Afghanistan in univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis (N = 483)

Variable

Mean, SD

Mean, SD

OR, 95% CI

Frequency of daily injection

5.78+0.70

5.55+0.94

1.43, 1.12 - 1.82

N, %

N, %

Lived outside last 5 years

156, 60.5%

154, 69.7%

0.66, 0.45 - 0.97

Prior incarceration

174, 67.4%

128, 57.9%

1.51, 1.04 - 2.19

Share injecting works last 3 mos

83, 32.2%

49, 22.1%

1.67, 1.11 - 2.53

Initiate drug use with injecting

28, 10.9%

11, 5.0%

2.34, 1.14 - 4.83

Perceived need for addiction therapy

243, 94.9%

219, 99.1%

0.17, 0.04 - 0.76

Receipt of prior addiction treatment*

45, 17.4%

25, 11.3%

1.66, 0.98 - 2.82

Homeless at enrollment*

66, 25.6%

42, 18.9%

1.47, 0.95 - 2.28

Multivariable Model:

95% CI

Initiated drug use with injecting

1.22 - 5.44

Shared injecting works in last 3 months

1.16 - 2.77

Prior incarceration

1.06 - 2.32

Frequency of daily injection

1.08 - 1.82

Lived outside Afghanistan in the last 5 years

0.41 - 0.91

Perceived need for addiction treatment

0.03 - 0.70