Table 5 Stages of Change and Stage Appropriate Intervention
Stage of Change | Characteristic | Intervention Approach | Suggested Language |
|---|---|---|---|
Pre-contemplation | Not thinking about change. | Discuss risks of drug abuse and benefits of quitting. Link specific negative consequences to drug use. Strongly advise quitting. | "What would it take for you to consider seeking help?" |
Contemplation | Thinking about change in next 6 months but not within 30 days | Discuss immediate benefits of quitting to self and loved ones. Emphasize health, economic and interpersonal payoffs. | "What would it take for you to seek help now?" |
Preparation | Ready to change in next 30 days | Discuss strategies and options. Pick a change date. Refer to specialist if necessary. | "Which option do you think will work best for you?" |
Action | Has initiated and maintained new behavior for up to 6 months. | Support decision. Encourage change. Discuss pitfalls and common sources of failure. | "What do you think will be your biggest challenge? How might you deal with it?" |
Maintenance | Quit for more than 6 months | Periodic follow-up and continued encouragement. Discuss triggers. | "What have you learned about people, places, events, and emotions that make you want to use?" |